Indeed, the caudate has been established as one site of IRX3 expression, which is the long-range target of obesity-associated variants of FTO (26), rendering it a likely site-of-action of the obesity-associated FTO variants, for which the functional role has yet to be fully clarified and might extend to other behavioral facets than impulsivity. The gene discussed is FTO; the disease is obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.