As the main ligand controlling the expression of hepcidin, evidence showed that long-term exogenous administration of BMP6 promoted the expression of endogenous hepcidin to improve the serum hepcidin deficiency and biochemical iron overload in Hfe-/- induced hemochromatosis mice (157). This evidence concerns the gene HAMP and hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia, familial, 4.