Ongoing studies in this cohort will investigate if the dogs are positive for other antibodies to nuclear antigens that are often prevalent among many human autoimmune diseases, (e.g., anti–Sjögren’s-syndrome-related antigen A autoantibodies, or anti-Ro/SSA antibodies, as can be seen in SLE, neonatal lupus, and Sjogren’s syndrome in humans, as well as Sjogren’s-like syndrome in dogs).13 Here, TRIM21 is linked to autoimmune disease.