NEU1 and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: Namely, neuraminidase 1(NEU1)-deficient fibroblasts cells, which share the phenotype of myofibroblast, can secrete numerous EVs loaded with activated components of the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β and WNT signaling pathways and induce fibrotic features in normal fibroblasts [58], indicating that the down regulation of NEU1 in IPF may be responsible for the overexpression of EVs and activation of profibrotic signals cascade.