IFNA1 and Alzheimer disease: Consistent with this finding, the fraction of interferon-beta (IFNβ) in particulate fractions (presumed to represent predominantly receptor-bound IFN), measured by ELISA, was slightly decreased in AD (AD = 0.368 ± 0.017, Con = 0.435 ± 0.037, n = 10, p = 0.030) while IFNβ in cytosol was not affected in AD (2.94 ± 0.15, Con = 3.09 ± 0.26 pg/mg protein, n = 10, p = 0.62) (Fig. 6a,b).