Somatic KRAS mutations are present in many different human cancers, including pancreatic adenocarcinoma, colorectal cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, cholangiocarcinoma, multiple myeloma, uterine cancer, endometrial cancer, gastric cancer, testicular cancer, cervical adenocarcinoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, breast cancer, acute myeloid leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, bladder cancer, and cutaneous malignant melanoma212 [Fig. 4]. Here, KRAS is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.