NMR characterization of a chemical compound (cmpd2) reveals that the ligand binds to SI/II-P adjacent to Ras-membrane interface and shifts RAS spatial orientation equilibrium, presenting a unique manner to inhibit Ras-Raf signaling.324 In another study, compounds generated by the repurposing of fendiline block proliferation of KRAS-driven tumor cells through perturbing membrane localization of KRAS, yet the binding sites of these compounds were not able to be characterized.325. This evidence concerns the gene RAF1 and neoplasm.