Meanwhile, the secretion of cGAS-STING-related cytokines such as IFN-β, CXCL10, and proinflammatory cytokines involving TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-12 were substantially increased in MTHMS + L group compared to the other groups (Supplementary Fig. 28), supporting the cGAS-STING pathway activation and the potential to switch the “cold” tumor to more sensitive “hot” tumor. Here, IFNB1 is linked to neoplasm.