TBK1 and neoplasm: As shown in Fig. 6b, in contrast to saline group with/without laser irradiation, the expression levels of phosphorylated STING (PSTING), TBK1(pTBK1), and IRF-3 (PIRF-3) in MHMS group were much increased, implying that tumor microenvironment-driven H2S/CO/Mn2+ release could augment STING-mediated type I interferon production to some extent.