For example, a synonymous variant (c.313C > T) in IRGM disturbs the miR-196 binding site and dysregulates IRGM-dependent xenophagy in Crohn’s disease [14], and a synonymous variant (c.51C > T) in BCL2L12, identified in melanoma tumors, causes loss of the miR-671-5p binding site that stimulates protein expression [139]. Here, IRGM is linked to melanoma.