DDIT3 and diabetes mellitus: Interestingly, empagliflozin, a selective sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitor, a new class of oral anti-diabetic agents approved for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, has been demonstrated to provide additional non-glycemic benefits, counteracting the activation of PERK-CHOP branch of the UPR in either cardiovascular or neuronal diseases [28].