TNF and rheumatoid arthritis: The circulating CD14− CD16− CD11c+ myeloid population rapidly differentiated into more numerous and larger OCs than those differentiated from CD14+ OCPs.131 It was reported that 56% of patients with moderate-to-severe active RA were unresponsive to TNF-α treatment because TNF-α inhibited osteoclastic differentiation of classical or intermediate MN OCPs (CD14+) but not myeloid OCPs (CD11c+).131