AR and prostate carcinoma: Inhibition of 5-alpha reductase enzymes, interference with androgen and the androgen signaling axis, and suppression of the expression and activity of the AR complex by transactivation of coregulators specificity protein 1 (Sp1) and c-Jun transcription factors along with the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/ Ak strain transforming (PI3K/Akt) pathway are among various mechanisms underlying the chemopreventive effects of flavonols in prostate cancer [14].