MPA and MMF inhibited the activity of IMPDH in bladder cancer cells; however, our study found that with the use of MPA and MMF, the expression of IMPDH1 and IMPDH2 proteins in bladder cancer cells increased (Supplementary Figure 2A), partially resisting the adverse effects of the decreased activity of IMPDH on tumor cells. Here, IMPDH2 is linked to neoplasm.