Autoantibodies detected in SLE patients most commonly target antigens of nuclear origin, such as double-stranded DNA (dsDNA), histone proteins, Smith antigen (Sm), snRNP, and Sjögren's-syndrome-related antigen A and B (Ro/SS-A, and La/SS-B, respectively) 24, 25. This evidence concerns the gene CALR and systemic lupus erythematosus.