Talebi and coworkers (54) showed that the miR-142 mature miRNA transcripts (−3p and -5p) in brain tissue of a mouse model for multiple sclerosis could target mRNAs encoding proteins involved in cytokine signaling and T cell differentiation, and confirmed that SOCS1 mRNA, a negative regulator of cytokine signaling, is also a direct target of miR-142a-5p. Here, SOCS1 is linked to multiple sclerosis.