DM is a lifelong endocrine disease caused by defects in insulin secretion (i.e., deficient or insufficient synthesis of insulin from the pancreas), insulin action (i.e., insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia), or both [6–8], leading to hyperglycemia and severe irreversible microvascular and macrovascular complications [9] that affect the eyes (diabetic retinopathy), feet (diabetic foot), nerves (diabetic neuropathy), kidneys (diabetic nephropathy), blood vessels (atherosclerosis), and heart (cardiovascular disease). This evidence concerns the gene INS and diabetic neuropathy.