In patients with EGFR/ALK-negative advanced NSCLC with ≥50% PD-L1 tumor cell positivity, pablizumab significantly improved objective remission rates (44.8% vs. 27.8%), prolonged PFS (10.3 months vs. 6.0 months; HR = 0.50, 95% CI: 0.37–0.68) and OS (26.3 months vs. 13.4 months; HR = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.48–0.81), and exhibited a lower rate of grade 3 or higher treatment-related adverse events (26.6% vs. 53.3%) compared to their counterparts who received chemotherapy. This evidence concerns the gene ALK and neoplasm.