Although there remains a paucity of studies investigating the specific role of FGF-1 in the pathological mechanisms of cognitive impairment, several lines of evidence have shown that dysregulation of FGF-1 expression is closely associated with dementia, especially Alzheimer’s disease (Takami et al., 1998; Yamagata et al., 2004). This evidence concerns the gene FGF1 and Alzheimer disease.