FGF1 and Alzheimer disease: Preliminary observations suggest that FGF-1 expression is reduced in neurons of the internal olfactory cortex in patients with AD, which inhibits the expression of calcium-binding proteins and induces overexpression of the N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor (NMDAR), resulting in the disruption of calcium homeostasis and glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity (Thorns and Masliah, 1999; Thorns et al., 2001).