Hh ligand-independent tumor was first identified in patients, who harbor germline loss-of-function mutation in PTCH1 (55), with nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (also known as Gorlin syndrome), tending to develop tumors, especially basal cell carcinoma (BCC), medulloblastoma (MB) and rhabdomyosarcoma (56). The gene discussed is PTCH1; the disease is nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome.