TNF and breast cancer: Soria et al. investigated the expression of CCL2 along with CCL5, TNFα, and interleukin (IL)-1β by IHC in breast samples of 38 healthy individuals and 88 BC patients (30 ductal carcinoma in situ [DCIS] patients, 23 IDC patients who remained free after treatment and 35 IDC patients who relapsed with metastases or local tumors or who died of BC).