Hyperactivation of the JAK-STAT pathway has been implicated in the poor outcomes of many diseases including melanomas, glioblastomas, and head, neck, lung, pancreatic, breast, rectal, and prostate cancers.23,125,169 Conversely, favorable regulatory roles of the JAK-STAT pathway have been demonstrated in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas and prostate and colorectal cancers. This evidence concerns the gene SOAT1 and Familial prostate cancer.