LEP and vitiligo: Interestingly, leptin deficient vitiligo mice also showed significantly different mRNA levels of other vitiligo-related genes compared with control mice, including Mx1, Prf1, Gzmb, and Cell adhesion molecule Cdh1. Increased IFN-γ secretion in patients can lead to higher intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM1) expression (35).