Using the conventional ELISPOT cut-off (5 or more ESAT-6 or CFP 10 specific cells / 250,000 BAL cells), 17/44 individuals with a prior tuberculosis diagnosis had a positive result in the BAL: 4/4 with recurrent tuberculosis and 13/40 (32.5%) with no recurrence (P = 0.035). The gene discussed is CFP; the disease is tuberculosis.