Arising from calcitonin-producing parafollicular C cells of the thyroid gland, medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is also a rare thyroid malignancy, representing 3–5% of all cases; nevertheless, up to 14% of thyroid cancer-related deaths are due to MTC (12), and 5-year survival rates are 89% (40% in those with distant disease) (11). This evidence concerns the gene CALCA and medullary thyroid gland carcinoma.