PIR and Parkinson disease: Moreover, the expression levels of six piRNAs, piR-has-92056, piR-hsa-150797, piR-hsa-347751, piR-hsa-1909905, piR-hsa-2476630, and piR-hsa-2834636 in blood small extracellular vesicles showed the highest relevance to PD, with an AUC value of 0.89 using a sparse partial least square discriminant analysis (sPLS-DA), suggesting that these piRNAs can be potential noninvasive biomarkers for PD diagnosis (Zhang and Wong, 2022).