AS1411 is a 26-nt DNA aptamer with a G-quadruplex structure that binds to nucleolin protein, whose expression in several cancer cells is much higher than that in normal cells, and is located on the surface of ovarian cancer cells, whereas it is normally located in the nucleus of other cancer cells (Bates et al., 2017; Li et al., 2017; Yazdian-Robati et al., 2020; Tong et al., 2022). Here, NUCLEOLIN is linked to ovarian cancer.