TMPRSS2 and infection: Loci exhibiting the strongest stimulation by infection and repression by remdesivir included several proteases (TMPRSS4, TMPRSS6, TMPRSS11D, TMPRSS11E) closely related to TMPRSS2, a host factor during SARS-CoV-2 receptor-mediated endocytosis41,56 (Fig. 5g, Extended Data 8h-d).