In fact, they found that the combination of PTEN mRNA NP with an immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) antibody [anti-programmed cell death ligand 1 (PDL1)] results in a highly potent anti-tumor effect when observed in a subcutaneous mutated PTEN model from melanoma and PTEN-null prostate cancer model [163]. This evidence concerns the gene PTEN and Familial prostate cancer.