Some examples of TSE or tumor cytokine expression are the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and IL-10 that induce the upregulation of key molecules for tumor cell proliferation and suppress the adaptive antitumor immune response (2, 4, 81). The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is neoplasm.