CD38 and hepatocellular carcinoma: In addition, we determined the frequency of CD38+, HLA-DR+, central memory (TCM), and terminally differentiated effector (TEMRA) cells, which respectively represent the activation and memory differentiation phenotypes on CD4+ T cell population in HBV-HCC was significantly higher than HBV-LC patients (p<0.05) (Figures 9C–F).