FMR1 and fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome: More recent studies reveal that premutation alleles of the FMR1 gene are associated with several medical conditions (1, 3, 4), and the two most studied topics are Fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS) and Fragile X-associated primary ovarian insufficiency (FXPOI) (5).