PGK1 and neoplasm: In addition, AGR2 may also induce the expression of lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA), phosphoglycerate kinase 1 (PGK1), kallikrein 2 (HK2) and enolase 1α (ENO1) through the MUC1/HIF-α pathway (42), thus induce glycolysis of cancer cells, promote cell proliferation, migration, invasion and tumor growth.