CD4 and systemic lupus erythematosus: The abnormal glycometabolism caused by T1DM can lead to a decrease in lymphocyte activation threshold, increasing the efficiency of autoantigens to activate lymphocytes, and promoting the onset of SLE; Yin Y et al. reported that hyperglycemia could induce the upregulation of glycolysis and mitochondrial oxidative metabolism in CD4+T cells, leading to an increase in immune response levels [46].