It is not surprising, as IRAK-M, an adaptor protein downstream TLRs, protects DSS-induced colitis but sustains colorectal cancerogenesis in the epithelial cells, whereas slows down AOM/DSS-induced colon cancer in hematopoietic cells (Kesselring et al., 2016). The gene discussed is IRAK3; the disease is malignant colon neoplasm.