These medications include simvastatin (P = 9.76 × 10−19), which affects 17 of the 34 PVR genes and belongs to the most commonly prescribed drug class for hyperlipidemia, and cardiovascular agents, such as the ACE inhibitor enalapril (P = 3.70 × 10−17) and the beta blocker carvedilol (P = 5.65 × 10−17), both of which affect 11 of the 34 PVR genes and are two of the most prescribed drug classes for heart failure and hypertension. Here, PVR is linked to heart failure.