IFNG and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Additionally, we observed that the T2DM model was associated with inflammation, as revealed by significantly elevated levels of systemic gamma interferon (IFN-γ) in the T2DM group (P < 0.0001, CG versus T2DM) (Fig. 3E) and interleukin-1 (IL-1) (P < 0.0001, CG versus T2DM) (Fig. 3G) compared to the CG.