BNIP3 and neoplasm: Among the three identified genes, BNIP3 has been reported to have an association with osteosarcoma, ovarian cancer, breast cancer, and melanoma prognosis [28,29,30,31], and BNIP3 is pro-apoptotic in most studies [32], although there are still some studies indicating that BNIP3 can inhibit apoptosis in tumor cells [33,34,35].