CTLA4 and neoplasm: In summary, combination immunotherapy using intratumoral administrations of N1, FSL-1, and R848 combined with CTLA4 ICB reprograms TiDCs, reduces MDSCs, and promotes an antitumor phenotype of tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells, overall converting immunologically cold 4T1 tumors into T-cell-inflamed lesions that are responsive to ICB (Figure 7).