LPP and breast carcinoma: In this study, we explore the role of LPP mRNA expression (LPP1 gene name PLPP1 and historically PAPP2A; LPP2 gene name PLPP2, PAPP2C; LPP3 gene name PLPP3, PAPP2B) [8] within the human breast cancer TME via in silico research approaches using three large independent cohorts.