TGFB1 and lung adenocarcinoma: Moreover, miRNA-16 is involved in pulmonary tumorigenesis, particularly in lung adenocarcinoma, where transcription factor AP-2α (TFAP2A) has been shown to be overexpressed and to induce EMT via miR-NA-16 family/TFAP2A/PSG9/TGF-β [36].