ANXA1 and infection: Interestingly, two bands of AnxA1 in a Western blot could be observed sixteen hours post-infection with FMDV, although viral proteins known to cleave host proteins, such as FMDV 3C and L proteases, did not cause the cleavage of AnxA1 [141], suggesting that the cleavage of AnxA1 occurs through other mechanisms, at least in this in vitro system.