NFKB1 and inflammatory bowel disease: miR-326-carrying MSC-EVs suppressed the activation of the NF-κB signalling pathway and the reduced expression levels of neddylation-related enzyme molecules, inhibiting the synthesis and production of related inflammatory factors and relieving dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in a mouse model, compared to unmodified MSC-EVs [118].