TNF and mastitis: The results of the Inflammatory factor expression assay showed that, in the S. aureus GS1311-infected group, the expression levels of IL-1α, IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α were extremely significantly lower in the mammary tissue of mice in the lipopeptide-treated and antibiotic-treated groups compared with the mammary germs in the untreated mastitis group (Figure 6D).