ASXL1 and cancer: However, DNMT3A, TET2, and ASXL1 mutations largely predominate in CHIPs seen in patients with no prior history of treated cancer, and CHIPs with TP53 mutation are mainly seen in patients having received chemotherapy or radiotherapy for a prior cancer, where they increase the risk of therapy-related MDS/AML, potentially by the selection mechanism just described above [55,59,60,61,62,63,64].