In a cohort study of patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and proteinuria, baseline serum KIM-1 levels were a strong predictor of eGFR loss and ESKD during the 5 to 15 years of follow-up after adjusting their values for baseline urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio levels, eGFR, and Hb1Ac [46]. Here, ALB is linked to type 1 diabetes mellitus.