RNA FISH indicated that a spot of cells coexpressing αSMA and CD68 (Fig. 8A) and a spot of cells coexpressing αSMA and CD3D were present in the tunica media of aneurysm tissue (Fig. 8C), verifying the presence of macrophage-like VSMCs and T-cell-like VSMCs. Here, ACTA1 is linked to aneurysm.