In addition, since CDH1 mRNA is markedly upregulated in some types of tumors, such as colon and endometrial carcinoma (Fig. 1A), from the early stages of tumor development (Fig. 4E, and Supplementary Fig. 2A-C—Additional file 1), it is worth further investigation to determine whether CDH1 mRNA levels can serve as a reliable biomarker for early diagnosis of these carcinomas. Here, CDH1 is linked to neoplasm.