CDH1 and kidney neoplasm: In addition, the CDH1 mRNA levels were significantly downregulated during tumor progression in kidney tumors, with lower levels in the advanced stage 3, in which tumors have intruded into veins and lymph nodes, and the lowered levels of CDH1 mRNA persisted in stage 4, in which tumors have grown in tissues outside the kidney and in distant organs (Fig. 7B) [62].