TNF and hypertensive disorder: In the regulation of apoptosis, exercise training downregulated the proapoptotic protein in hypertension by decreasing the upstream regulation of apoptosis such as the Fas ligand, TNF, TNF receptor 1, and FADD, and the downstream regulation of apoptosis such as t-Bid, Bad, Bak, and Bax (16, 29, 31–33, 37, 38).