IDO1 and lung carcinoma: As shown in Figure 4, ERIANIN can regulate the JAK/STAT3 pathway, inhibit the expression of p-JAK and p-STAT3, downregulate MMP-9 and MMP-2, reduce IDO activity, decrease the expression of IDO-mediated inflammatory mediators (COX-2, HIF-1α, and IL-6), significantly inhibit the metastatic ability of lung cancer cells, block the angiogenic mimicry of 2LL-IDO cells, disrupt the tubular structure of human umbilical vein endothelial cells, and inhibit the proliferation of vascular endothelial cells (109, 110).