CASP9 and lung cancer: In lung cancer studies, ERIANIN upregulated the expression of BAX, Caspase-3, and Caspase-9, downregulated the expression of BCL-2, p-PI3K, p-AKT, and p-mTOR, affected apoptosis and pathway-related proteins, induced early and late apoptosis in H1975 lung cancer cells by regulating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, and inhibited the growth of human lung cancer cells (30).