MAPK3 and diabetic retinopathy: In diabetic retinopathy, ERIANIN reduces cellular glucose uptake, inhibits downstream ERK1/2-NFκB pathway activation (123), decreases the expression of VEGF receptor 2 and its downstream signals, inhibits VEGF-induced angiogenesis (124), and attenuates microglia-induced retinal inflammation, thereby alleviating diabetic retinopathy.