TOB1 and rheumatoid arthritis: On the other hand, the researcher also found that in vitro osteoblasts can phagocytose miR-486-5p of exosomes originating from RA FLS and increase miRNA expression, which inhibits transducer of erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2, 1(TOB1) and activates the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)/suppressor of mothers against decapentaplegic (SMAD) pathway to promote osteoblast differentiation, which is potentially beneficial in RA treatment (Chen et al., 2020).