For example, exosomes derived from RA FLS lncRNA HOXA distal transcript antisense RNA (HOTTIP) negatively regulate miR-1908-5p and positively regulate STAT3, leading to upregulation of forkhead box P3 (FOXP3) and retinoid-related orphan receptor gamma (RORγt) expression and Th17/Treg cell ratio imbalance (Yao et al., 2021). Here, STAT3 is linked to rheumatoid arthritis.