In this regard, up-regulation of PPARγ expression on Mf after infection by Mycobacterium bovis (BCG), Mtb, Listeria monocytogenes, and Mycobacterium leprae has been reported (Straub et al., 2002; Chan et al., 2010; Rajaram and Brooks, 2010; Mahajan et al., 2012). This evidence concerns the gene PPARG and infection.